Feminist Voices in Law

7 April 2026, at 12-13 CET: Juho Aalto, University of Turku, Finland
Title: Nordic Feminist Perspectives on Law: What now? Revisiting Hirdman’s ”genussystem” as the sexgender system


Zoom link to the seminar

Abstract: This text argues that Hirdman’s genussystem theory can be reconceptualised as a sexgender system theory to highlight the presence of power in all dichotomies based on binary. Hirdman introduced genussystem as a theory inspired by Gayle Rubin in 1987. In 1990, the theory made its breakthrough in a government report titled ”Demokrati och makt i Sverige”. Hirdman’s theory became influential in legislative reforms and policy programmes intended to remedy the weaker societal position of women in Sweden and across Nordic countries. However, radicalism often develops into a paradigm and starts to serve the interests of the status quo in society. Hirdman’s original conception of genus did not treat the binary dichotomy between men and women as either neutral or based on biology. She placed the material body and meanings attached to it, both by sex and gender, within the same concept of genus that is not only attached to bodies but to everything: thoughts on masculine/feminine, man/woman permeate everything in the world around us and fill places, situations, food, politics and work. Hirdman’s genus is more complex than sex + gender, because anything ‘social’ and sex cannot, according to her, be considered as pre-existing or fixed entities. Later on, Hirdman came to consider the binary dichotomy between men and women as the power structure in society leading to women’s subordination. Nordic feminist perspectives on law are still attached to a binary understanding of male/female, even though performativity of sex and gender has become a simultaneous paradigm in scholarship. My aim is to re-visit Hirdman’s earlier conceptions present in genussystem and to theorise the existing gap between structural understanding of sex and gender in conjunction with performativity. The aim is to develop a new theory on sexgender and power by combining structures with performativity for addressing contemporary issues of vast inequality.

Bio: Juho Aalto is a university teacher and doctoral researcher at the University of Turku Law Faculty. His research focus is on legal theory, specifically the intersections of sex, gender, sexuality, materiality and law. His research explores how the sexgender binary impacts legal subject formation, using new materialist, posthumanist, and Nordic feminist perspectives law. Aalto has operationalised binary dichotomies to analyse how legal subject formation can be considered material-discursive through an ontoepistemological method of legal analysis called BinaryTech. BinaryTech can be used to analyse how binary structures affect in legal subject formation through inter alia sexgender, space and physical matter.

6 Maj 2025: Fiona Vera-Gray, London Metropolitan University, UK

4 March 2025: Dr Paola Zichi, Warwick Law School, UK

Title (and link to video recording): ”On Feminist Governance and International Law: A Critical Legal History from Mandate Palestine

Abstract: In this talk, I will discuss an overview of my first monograph titled On Feminist Governance and International Law: A Critical Legal History from Mandate Palestine, soon to be submitted for publication with Routledge. The monograph investigates the shared history of international institutions and transnational feminism from the point of view of Mandate Palestine. Drawing upon archival research across different countries, the book unveils an underexamined history of global southern feminist transnational networks at the League of Nations. The book argues that a focus on the international legal activism of marginalised actors such as the Arab Women’s Union allows us to examine the historical formation of a prototypical form of ‘feminist governance’ in international history. By doing so, it demonstrates how today’s feminists’ missions enshrined in the UN Charters are the by-product of a much longer history of resistance and contestations at the global and colonial level. The book’s significance lies in the fact that, by highlighting Arab women’s activism and interventions at the League of Nations, it offers a pre-history of the Third World feminists’ critique of what constituted ‘international women’s rights’ long before the 1975 Mexico Conference

Bio: Paola Zichi is a British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow at the Warwick Law School, working on a research project on ‘Feminist Lawyering and International Law: Women Jurists in European Legal History (1899-1949)’. Previously, she worked at QMUL History as a postdoctoral researcher on an AHRC-funded project on sex work and migration in Jewish history between 1875-1940 in Europe. In April 2020, she. completed her PhD at SOAS on feminisms, gender law reform and the League of Nations in Mandate Palestine. Her research interests and expertise fall within the broader field of feminist approaches to international law, international legal history, Jewish history, Israel/Palestine, and, broadly speaking, the history of women’s international law and global governance in the twentieth century. She won the Modern Law Review’s Helen Reece Prize for best PhD in feminist legal studies. Her forthcoming monograph, part of the Routledge Feminist and Queer International Law Series, is titled Feminist Governance and International Law: A Critical Legal History from Mandate Palestine.

4 February 2025: Dr. Silvana Tapia Tapia, University of Birmingham, UK and Universidad del Azuay’s Law School, Ecuador

Title (and link to video recording): ”Feminism, Violence Against Women, and Law Reform: Decolonial Lessons from Ecuador

Abstract: Challenging the consensus that penal expansion is mainly associated with the co-option of feminist campaigns to counteract violence against women in the context of neoliberal globalisation, this book shows that long-standing colonial narratives underlie many of today’s dominant legal discourses justifying criminalisation, even in countries whose governments have called themselves ”leftist” and ”post-neoliberal”. Mapping the history of law reform on violence against women in Ecuador, the book reveals how the conciliation between feminist campaigns and criminalisation strategies takes place through liberal legality, the language of human rights, and the discourse of constitutional guarantees, across the political spectrum. Whilst human rights make violence against women intelligible in mainstream legal terms, the book shows that the emergence of a ”rights-based penality” produces a benign, formally innocuous criminal law, which can be presented as progressive, but in practice reproduces colonial and postcolonial paradigms that limit and reshape feminist demands. The book raises new questions on the complex social and political factors that impact on feminist law reform projects, as it demonstrates how colonial assumptions about gender, race, class, and the family remain embedded in liberal criminal law.

Bio: Dr Silvana Tapia Tapia is Associate Professor in Law at Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, where she previously held a Leverhulme Early Career fellowship (2022-2024). Until 2022, Silvana was Lecturer in Law and Coordinator of legal research at the University of Azuay, Ecuador. Her book ”Feminism, Violence against Women, and Law Reform: Decolonial Lessons from Ecuador” received the Hart-Socio-Legal Studies Association Book Prize in 2023. Her work has been published in world-leading journals such as Feminist Theory, Social and Legal Studies, Law and Critique, and Feminist Legal Studies.
Silvana’s research empirically examines the limitations of criminal legal system and mainstream human rights frameworks in addressing violence against women. Employing an anticolonial and abolitionist lens, Dr Tapia Tapia collaborates with anti-carceral grassroots organisations to understand the impact of penality on marginalised women’s lives and the role of criminal law and hegemonic human rights in the production of carceral violence.

17 December 2024, 12-13 (CET): Dr Rohini Sen, Jindal Global Law School, India.
Title (and link to video recording): ”TWAIL Feminisms: Divergent Praxis, Contingent Subjects

Abstract: This work explores the intersection of Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL) and critical feminist approaches through different configurations such as TWAIL and Feminisms, TWAIL-Feminisms and, TWAIL Feminisms. These configurations critically examine the structural inequalities embedded in international law, revealing how these systems perpetuate power imbalances favoring a few while marginalizing others in diverse ways. TWAIL Feminisms challenge the notion of universal legal principles and subjects by highlighting the different, complex and often conflicting experiences of those in the periphery, particularly in the Global South. The scope of this work is to foreground how TWAIL Feminisms are not merely gendered perspectives but are comprehensive critiques of international law’s hegemonic structures, including patriarchy, capitalism, and Eurocentrism which affect everyone, however differentially. By focusing on the crises of international law, dominant feminisms, and the production of legal subjectivities, TWAIL Feminisms offer new ways of understanding and transforming legal frameworks which are more inclusive and attentive to experiences and knowledge frameworks beyond the mainstream. In this work, I hope to illustrate TWAIL feminisms as heuristics and critique by emphasizing the politics of definitions and categories and by positioning TWAIL and feminisms as dynamic processes rather than static concepts. In these forms, TWAIL Feminisms intervene in international legal structures and processes with the aim of reimagining it through the experiences and alternate epistemologies of different marginalized subjects where marginality is also a location of empowered clarity from where the status quo may be challenged.
Short Bio: Rohini Sen is an Associate Professor at the Jindal Global Law School and teaches as a Visiting Faculty in different institutions across India. Rohini thinks about, reads and writes on the various engagements between Law, Social Sciences and Humanities through ideas of – critical thinking, critical pedagogies, queer and feminist approaches and, different cosmologies of knowledge-making.

5 November 2024: Professor Ulrika Andersson, Lund University, Sweden.

Title: ”Personal and Professional”

Abstract: Feminist legal theory and method in a wide sense have been crucial to my academic career, personally as well as professionally. In this presentation I give an example of this, without actually emphasizing feminism as such. I take point of departure in a concrete case of family reunification for young unaccompanied children. My aim is to expose how the traditional legal notion of the liberal subject fails to provide protection in the context of legal practice. Instead, I argue for using the vulnerable subject as a starting point, to make more visible the context in which law operates and ensure protection even for the youngest children. I also call for an awareness of the mobile commons– the informal support that exists among migrating people, NGOs, and activists – in relation to the realization of family reunification.